Biostatistics, also known as biometrics is the application of statistical methods to study biology. In other words, it is the study of biology combined with methods of research, analysis and accumulation of data. Biostatistics uses the scientific method to study biological systems. The scientific method includes: making a hypothesis, designing an experiment, the collection of data, the analyzing of data and the drawing of conclusions from the data. Once this process is complete, the scientist/biostatistician can then draw inferences from the information.
Biostatistics is a large field that can be useful in many situations. One of these situations is the field of Epidemiology where data can be collected and studied to determine the health and illness of a particular population. This is a very important part of public health.
Clinical trials are another area where Biostatistics plays an important role. These trials are the basis for the development and approval of new drugs and medicines. The statistical evidence for the effectiveness of emerging medications plays an important role in the pharmaceutical release of drugs. Statistical data is important in comparing the effectiveness of the different medications being studied, and through the link between biology and statistics, this should be achieved.
Nutrition is another area that benefits from the use of biostatistics. Nutrient information is studied so that certain guidelines can be made available which are necessary for the health and well-being of people. With the use of observational studies, nutrition guidelines can be determined and suggestions can be made for the minimal nutritional levels for vitamins and minerals needed to keep people healthy.
Another application of biostatistics is in the field of genetics. With genetics, scientists collect data and compare information they have found regarding an illness with genetic information that they have on their subjects. These studies are extremely helpful in studying genetic diseases while looking for a cure for them.
Biostatistics can be used to make inferences on large populations using the data and information gained from smaller studies. It can be used to determine data on such things as birth and death rate, disease and injuries.
Ultimately Biostatistics can be used to determine the risks for certain diseases in particular populations and can be used to predict future rates of the disease. Through modern methods of data analysis, this can be done in a quicker more efficient way leading to a better way of diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders.
