Climatology is the scientific study of climate. Climatology is also a study which covers a fairly longer time period in comparison to meteorology which is the study of climate of a short-termed nature.
A wind map is generally a depiction of the scale and the route of the winds of a region in graphic form, using cartography with a scale. There are a number of entities that climatologists have to consider before a wind map can be produced, such as surface measurement, orographic data, topographic data, data of land coverage, and satellite images. Another important thing about collecting, analyzing, and mapping data regarding climate is that it is not done over a short period. Climate cannot be generalized and therefore a vast period of usually 10 to 15 years of the past are reflected upon before making any firm conclusion.
Climatologists also have another task of comparing weather of the past with the present and predicted possible future climate conditions of any particular region. Climatologists collect wind data by recording and recording wind speed and precipitation constantly. It is a task that is always in motion and transition because wind speed and precipitation just like any other natural occurrence are only roughly predictable. Ocean currents, tidal waves, sunlight and sun heat, and mountain ranges are some more elements that climatologists take into account before mapping wind data. Different regions of the world receive dissimilar amount of sun heat and therefore differ in temperature and air pressure and collectively affect the local wind as well.
A known fact is that wind shifts from an area of high air pressure to an area of low air pressure due to the molecular properties involved. Climatologists take this fact into account by the help of satellite photos to determine areas of high air pressure and predict the possible wind movement by mapping wind data.
To accurately map wind data, a climatologist has to know about wind speed and wind direction foremost. This is usually done by taking out an average speed and direction of prevailed and prevailing winds. Composition of chemical and physical atmosphere, circulation patterns of winds, and heat transfer in the form of radiation, convective and latent, are equally important to collect as accurate data as possible.
Climatologists are also criticized for their over-reliance on old assumptions and maps for predicting future wind conditions. These criticisms are based on the instability of nature.
Sources:
http://www.windpoweringamerica.gov/wind_maps.asp
http://www.wwindea.org/technology/ch02/en/2_2_2.html
http://www.aip.org/history/climate/climogy.htm
http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-climatology.htm
