What Causes Heartburn During Pregnancy?

Pregnancy may be the first time a woman experiences heartburn. If she had the discomfort in the past, she may find that it is more frequent or intense during the pregnancy. Treatment of the discomfort often focuses on prevention when possible and the use of natural remedies, like milk or yogurt, suggests the American Pregnancy Association. When advised by a health care provider, a woman can take over-the-counter (OTC) heartburn medications, such as antacids. Some prescription medications may be safe during pregnancy, but should only be taken under the care of a health care provider.

LES Relaxation

Progesterone already exists in a woman’s body, but during pregnancy these levels increase. BabyCenter.com points out that the result of the increased hormone level is that the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) becomes more relaxed than it should be. The LES is responsible for acting as a flap that keeps the stomach contents from returning up the esophagus. When it becomes too relaxed, the fluids can easily go back up the esophagus and cause the symptoms of heartburn.

Slowed Digestion

The increased progesterone also slows down the digestive process during pregnancy. BabyCenter.com explains that it slows the contractions of the esophagus and intestines, slowing the speed the foods get processed. The longer the food remains out of the stomach, the more likely a woman will experience heartburn. It does not take much to push the food and fluids back up the esophagus when the digestive system is not working to pull it down into the stomach and eventually out of the body as waste.

Pressure

The weight of the baby rests on many of the woman’s organs. This makes the room inside the stomach even smaller. The pressure the baby and the extra weight of all the bodily changes a woman goes through can make it easier for the stomach contents to be squeezed back up the esophagus, creating heartburn. The March of Dimes explains that the pressure makes the stomach contents more accessible when the woman bends over or lies down after eating.

About this Author

Sarah Irene has written stacks of research articles dating back to 2000, has consulted in a number of settings, and is an able resource for a vast range of topics. She has been a psychology instructor since 2006 and has had her work published by ParentDish. She holds a master’s degree in clinical psychology.