Uric acid is a by-product of the metabolism of purines, which are chemicals found in many cells in the body. Purines are also found in many foods, especially some animal products. Uric acid is actually an antioxidant, so in normal amounts it can be beneficial to the body. Unfortunately, when levels of uric acid become too high, kidney stones or a type of arthritis called gout can occur. Because high levels of uric acid can result for a variety of reasons, many treatments are used to reduce these levels.
Diet Modifications
Since uric acid ends up in the body when purines are broken down, one way to lower uric acid levels is to limit the intake of foods high in purines. Meat and fish are high in purines, especially anchovies, mackerel, roe, herring, sardines, scallops, shrimp, mussels, goose, organ meats, mincemeat, gravies and broths. Other foods high in purines include asparagus, dried legumes, sweetbreads, yeast extracts and peanuts.
Reduction of Alcohol Consumption
Uric acid levels are lowered when the kidneys release uric acid into the urine to be excreted from the body. Alcohol inhibits this release, allowing less uric acid to be excreted through the urine, and therefore creating higher levels of uric acid in the body. Beer is also high in purines, so it is especially important to eliminate or limit beer consumption. Wine and hard alcohols, such as gin, should also be consumed in moderation.
Discontinuation of Some Medications
Like alcohol, certain medications inhibit the release of uric acid into the urine. Of particular concern are medications such as diuretics, which cause a reduction of water in the body. Other medications that may need to be discontinued are niacin and aspirin.
Medications to Lower Uric Acid Levels
If high uric acid levels cannot be treated by lifestyle changes, medications can be used to lower the levels. Allopurinol is a prescription drug that can decrease the production of uric acid in the body, which can help to lower the overall levels of uric acid. Another prescription drug used for treating high uric acid levels is Probenecid, which can help the kidneys take uric acid out of the bloodstream and release it into the urine for excretion.
Vitamin C
Vitamin C has been shown in studies to reduce uric acid levels. According to the University of Michigan Health System, one study showed that taking 500 mg per day of vitamin C for two months significantly reduced elevated blood levels of uric acid.
About this Author
Lisa Thompson is a holistic health practitioner and writer in San Diego who has written for the Prevention website. She is a nationally certified massage therapist and NCSF-certified personal trainer. Ms. Thompson also holds certificates in nutrition and herbology from the National Healing Institute, as well as a Master of Education from California State University.
