Stomach ulcers, otherwise known as peptic ulcers, are an open sore in the stomach lining. Depending on the location of the ulcer, peptic ulcers may be referred to by other names. Gastric ulcers are sores that develop in the stomach. Duodenal ulcers are ulcers that are formed in the first part of the small intestine (duodenum). Esophogeal ulcers are sores that are formed in the lower part of the esophogus where it meets the stomach. All of these types of ulcers are collectively known as peptic ulcers. It was once believed that stress and spicy foods were the main contributors to peptic ulcer disease. We now know that several factors may lead to formation of stomach ulcers.
Heliobacter Pylori Bacteria
Heliobacter Pylori (more commonly known as H-Pylori) bacteria are the most common cause of stomach ulcer formation. H-Pylori are twisted, corkscrew-shaped bacteria that live and multiply in the protective mucous lining of the stomach. Many times, H-Pylori doesn’t cause any problems; however, it may lead to an inflammation of the stomach lining called gastritis. This inflammation may lead to damage to the mucous lining of the stomach, and an ulcer develops. H-Pylori bacteria are most commonly introduced by food and water but may be transferred from person to person through contact such as kissing.
Medications
Several medications can lead to stomach ulcer formation. Extended uses of over-the-counter pain, non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs such as Advil and Aleve are the most common medicines that cause stomach ulcers. Over-the-counter pain medications can irritate and cause inflammation of the stomach lining that eventually lead to damage of the stomach lining and ulcer formation. Products such as Alka-Seltzer and Pepto-Bismol that are commonly used to treat stomach ailments also contain non-steroidal anti-inflammatory that may contribute to peptic ulcers. People taking Pepto-Bismol hoping to treat stomach ulcers may be aggravating the situation. In addition, some medications used to treat osteoporosis in women, such as Actonel and Fosamax, may also contribute to peptic ulcer formation.
Cigarette Smoking
Cigarette smoking or any other tobacco use may contribute to stomach ulcer formation. Nicotine from these products can increase volume and concentration of stomach acid, which can lead to irritation and inflammation of the stomach lining and ulcer formation. Cigarette smoking is a contributing factor of stomach ulcer formation. It may also inhibit the healing process of an already-formed peptic ulcer.
Caffeine and Alcohol
Excessive use of caffeine and alcohol may also lead to stomach ulcers. These products stimulate formation of stomach acid. Over-production of stomach acid may lead to irritation and inflammation of the stomach lining and eventually stomach ulcer formation. These products also inhibit the healing process of already-formed peptic ulcers.
About this Author
Robert Shifko has more than 17 years’ experience in the health care industry. Throughout his career, he has gained experience in pharmacologic research, clinical nuclear medicine, and most recently radiation health physics. He has obtained several certifications in nuclear medicine, epidemiology, biostatistics and as a medical radiation safety officer. He has always supported LIVESTRONG.
