Itching, also called pruritis, can occur for a number of reasons. Usually, it is the result of an environmental factor such as an allergen or a product with a fragrance or other ingredient that causes a reaction. Wind, sun and heat can also cause itching.
Sometimes itching is a symptom of a systemic illness such as a thyroid or kidney problem. Natural and over-the-counter remedies can ease the discomfort of itching, but contact a doctor if it doesn’t go away in a few days.
Cold Compresses
If an area starts to itch, resist the urge to scratch. Scratching can make the itching worse or even cause an infection. Instead of scratching, cool the area.
One of the easiest ways to get immediate relief from itching is to apply a cold wet compress. Cold can reduce swelling and relieve irritation. Itching from allergies, insect bites and poison oak or poison ivy usually responds well to a cold, wet cloth. You can also rub the area with an ice cube. A lukewarm bath can also take away some of the discomfort.
Moisturizer
Dry skin is a common cause of itching. Your skin can dry out from frequent bathing or washing with water that is too hot. Living in a very dry environment can also make your skin feel tight and itchy.
After bathing, help your skin retain moisture by applying a moisturizing lotion or oil right after drying off when your skin is damp. You can also use a moisturizer as needed throughout the day. If your skin is sensitive, avoid moisturizers with strong fragrances, and choose brands with “hypoallergenic” on the label. Hypoallergenic products contain ingredients that are unlikely to irritate your skin.
Anti-Itch Creams
For itching that is really unbearable, anti-itch creams are a good solution. For most types of itching, a short-term option is 1% hydro-cortisone cream. Hydro-cortisone reduces swelling and makes the itch go away. If your itching is caused by an allergy or insect bite, anti-histamines help block the chemical in your body that’s making you itch.
Applying calamine, camphor or menthol lotion to bug bites usually helps with the itching, and it can work on minor hives as well. Some natural remedies for itching include salves and creams made with calendula, comfrey, yarrow or jewel weed. Many herbal creams also contain ingredients like shea butter or olive oil, which help moisturize and nourish the skin.
Oral Medications
Anti-histamines can be taken internally if itching is more serious, but they may have some side-effects like dry mouth or drowsiness. In some cases, very severe itching is treated with oral corticosteroids such as hydro-cortisone. The U.S. National Library of Medicine research clearinghouse MedlinePlus warns that hydro-cortisone is also associated with some unpleasant side effects including nausea, depression, insomnia and headaches. More serious side effects are also possible, such as edema, vision problems, and liver complications, so you should only use oral hydro-cortisone under a doctor’s supervision.
