Children are prone to common skin problems and rashes as they grow. Some of these are caused by allergic reactions, some by bacteria, and others by fluctuating hormones. While the majority of skin problems in children are mild and self-limiting, they can cause discomfort, itching and self-consciousness. If your child is uncomfortable, physically or emotionally, with a skin condition, seek medical care for him.
Eczema
Eczema is an itchy, red rash that occurs in 1 out of 10 children, according to Kids Health. Eczema is often caused by atopic dermatitis, which is when the child is sensitive to something in the environment. Approximately half of the children plagued by eczema also develop asthma or allergies. The condition almost always begins before the age of 5, and often before 6 months of age. It is characterized by small, itchy bumps on red, irritated skin. The bumps may break open and ooze or crust over. Eczema can be prevented by avoiding the allergen that causes it, if you can identify it. Keeping the skin well-moisturized can also help, as can wearing soft clothing and keeping cool. Many children outgrow eczema, but it may reoccur during adolescence or adulthood, especially during periods of physical and emotional stress. Treatment options include topical steroid creams, antihistamines and antibiotics to treat any infected lesions.
Impetigo
Impetigo is a bacterial skin infection that is more common in children than adults. According to the Palo Alto Medical Foundation, the crusty sores most often appear on the upper lip or under the nose after a cold, but they can spread anywhere over the body by scratching. Your child’s pediatrician can prescribe a topical or oral antibiotic to treat the illness.
Poison Ivy, Poison Oak, and Poison Sumac
Three plants are likely to cause an allergic skin reaction if your child encounters them while playing outside: poison ivy, poison oak and poison sumac. All of these are often referred to as “poison ivy,” and all grow in a pattern of three leaves together. The rash occurs within a few days of exposure, and can spread all over the body. The plant oils can stay on clothing, pets, toys and blankets and can re-infect the child for up to one year, states the Children’s Hospital in Boston. Your child’s doctor can prescribe a steroid cream or steroid pills to reduce the itching and clear up the rash if necessary. Parents can teach their kids the rhyme, “Leaves of three, let it be,” to help them remember to avoid any plants that have groupings of three leaves together.
Acne
As your child approaches puberty, she may begin showing signs of acne on her face, chest or back. Symptoms can range from a few blackheads to painful pus-filled cysts. Acne is caused by an excess of oil that clogs the hair follicles, states the Mayo Clinic. The excess oil can be caused by hormonal changes. Home remedies for acne include washing twice daily with a gentle cleanser, avoiding greasy cosmetics and hair styling products, and keeping your hands off of the blemishes. Over-the-counter acne medications are available if these methods do not work. If your child has moderate to severe acne, a dermatologist can prescribe topical or oral medications to help clear up the acne.
