Folliculitis starts when hair follicles are damaged and then become infected with bacteria or fungus. Folliculitis can occur anywhere on the skin or scalp and looks like acne pimples or nonhealing, crusty sores. Mild cases of folliculitis usually go away on their own; however, recurring cases of folliculitis require treatment. The treatment depends on the type and severity of the infection.
Oral Antibiotics
Antibiotics taken by mouth are generally prescribed as a treatment for an acute folliculitis eruption caused by staph bacteria, according to the American Osteopathic college of Dermatology, or ACOD. Antibiotics are also used when the folliculitis infection becomes severe and results in boils, cellulitis and other infections.
Topical Antibiotics
Topical antibiotics, including creams, lotions or ointments, are applied directly onto the affected areas. Doctors prescribe topical antibiotics in combination with oral antibiotics if a folliculitis infection recurs or becomes chronic. The ACOD suggests applying an antibiotic ointment into the front of the nose for several days, as bacteria often reside inside the front area of the nostrils and can survive through a course of oral antibiotics. If the bacteria remain, they can cause another infection by spreading back onto the skin.
Oral Antifungals
Oral antifungals are prescribed if a fungus caused the folliculitis infection. Fungal infections of the hair follicles in the beard area of the face are common in men who shave, reports Medline Plus.
Topical Antifungals
Topical antifungals are applied directly onto the affected areas. A doctor will prescribe topical antifungals if a fungal infection returns after a course of oral antifungals.
Incision and Drainage
Although folliculitis infections are superficial infections of the hair follicles, the infection sometimes goes deeper and forms large, purulent boils. The boils are tender and painful. The Mayo Clinic reports that a quicker recovery time, less scarring and relief from pain are experienced if the boils are drained. A physician drains the pus by making an incision in the boil. With a deep infection, if all the pus can’t be removed, the doctor will allow pus to continue to drain.
Compresses
Hot, moist compresses promote drainage of the affected follicles, states Medline Plus. Small areas are usually treated effectively with compresses, whereas larger areas with a deeper infection respond better to more aggressive treatments.
Other Considerations
Folliculitis occurs in any area that involves shaving, waxing, hair plucking or friction. Medline Plus recommends additional measures along with prescribed treatments for folliculitis and includes not shaving the affected area, keeping the area clean and avoiding tight clothing.
