Acne is a skin condition characterized by the development of bumps or lesions. Acne generally develops on the face, but can show up on other areas of the body as well. The Mayo Clinic indicates that hormones usually play a role in the development of acne, and therefore teens and women undergoing hormonal changes experience acne the most. Acne can be annoying and/or embarrassing, and there are a number of treatments available to treat it.
Acne Lotion
Acne sufferers can purchase an over-the-counter acne lotion for the treatment of a mild form of acne. Acne lotions are designed to dry up excess oil, kill any bacteria that may be causing the acne and promote the removal of dead skin cells. Patients should opt for an acne lotion that contains one of the following substances as an active ingredient: benzoyl peroxide, lactic acid, resorcinol, salicylic acid and sulfur. Some patients experience dryness, flaking and skin irritation as side effects. These side effects typically clear up after one month of consistent treatment.
Prescription Topical Treatment
Patients with moderate to severe cases of acne can see a dermatologist for a prescription for a topical acne lotion. These lotions are designed to keep hair follicles clear, promote cell turnover and kill any bacteria that could be contributing to the acne. Commonly prescribed topical lotions include adapalene, sold as Differin; tretinoin, sold as Avita, Retin-A and Renova; and tazarotene, sold as Tazorac or Avage. These products all contain vitamin A or a vitamin A derivative as the active ingredient. Prescription acne lotions may cause side effects such as burning, peeling, redness and stinging. It is important for patients to report these side effects to their doctor to receive recommendations on how to adjust the application of the medication or receive a prescription for a different medication that causes fewer side effects.
Antibiotics
Antibiotics can be prescribed in the form of a pill to take orally or as a topical form that is applied directly to the skin. Some patients may have a resistance to oral antibiotics because of their overuse. Oral antibiotics are typically used as a supplement to a topical medication. Commonly prescribed oral antibiotics include amoxicillin, doxycycline, erythromycin, minocycline and tetracycline. Topical antibiotics include clindamycin, dapsone and erythromycin.
Oral Contraceptives
The Mayo Clinic advises that oral contraceptives may help to improve acne in women. Oral contraceptives that are recommended to treat acne include norgestimate and ethinyl estrodiol. Ortho-Cyclen and Ortho Tri-Cyclen are two commonly available brands that contain this combination. Oral contraceptives may cause side effects such as breast tenderness, depression, headaches and nausea.
