Overview
Bloating occurs when the body retains water or air, resulting in feelings of abdominal distention and discomfort. While it may result in weight gain, the weight increase associated with bloating is generally no more than five pounds. Most causes for bloating and weight gain involve diet and other lifestyle factors. Understand the causes of weight gain and bloating to help prevent or reduce symptoms while avoiding negative health effects.
Causes
Bloating is sometimes caused by excessive sodium intake, which causes the body to retain water. Foods like beans, broccoli and carbonated beverages may lead to bloating and intestinal discomfort by causing gas in the digestive tract.
Weight gain generally results from a combination of factors, such as high caloric intake and low energy expenditure. Hormonal fluctuations may also play a role in the weight gain some women experience near the time of menstruation, though it is usually temporary.
Health Effects
Excessive weight gain can lead to obesity, which increases the risk for developing heart disease, certain cancers and Type II diabetes. According to the American Heart Association, obesity damages heart health by raising cholesterol and blood pressure. It may also lead to diabetes, which increases the risk for heart attack and stroke.
Bloating is not usually considered a threat to health when caused by hormonal factors or dietary choices. In rare situations, bloating can signal a more serious problem like colorectal cancer or bowel obstruction, especially when it occurs with other symptoms like vomiting, diarrhea or severe abdominal pain.
Signs and Symptoms
Bloating is often associated with flatulence, abdominal distention and belching. In some cases, bloating may result in a modest weight increase of five pounds or less. Other possible symptoms include mild abdominal cramping, feelings of fullness and constipation.
Symptoms that may accompany weight gain include increased appetite, food cravings, lethargy and over sleeping—all of which can signal an underlying health condition such as hypothyroidism or depression.
Prevention/Solution
Fortunately, both bloating and weight gain are largely preventable. To reduce bloating, avoid starchy and fibrous foods like potatoes, wheat, lactose and carbonated beverages like beer and soda. Limit sodium intake to no more than 1,500 mg per day, and drink plenty of water to help keep the bowels moving.
According to the Centers for Disease Control, daily exercise and a nutritious diet are the best prevention for weight gain and obesity. Be aware of your daily calorie and fat intake, and weigh yourself once or twice per week to keep track of your weight. Take note of any lifestyle changes, such as a decrease in physical activity, and report symptoms like fatigue and low mood to your doctor.
Warning
In rare instances, bloating and weight gain may signal a serious health problem. If you experience bloating or weight gain accompanied by intense abdominal pain, vomiting or loss of consciousness, seek immediate medical attention.
About this Author
Based in Las Vegas, Tracii Hanes is a freelance writer specializing in health and psychology with more than five years of professional experience. Her work has appeared on websites including Wellsphere, Sazze and LIVESTRONG, among others. She holds a Bachelor of Arts in communication arts from Southwestern Oklahoma State University.
