Overview
Escitalopram oxalate is a prescription medication in the family of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. It affects the central nervous system and must be taken only as prescribed. Do not stop taking this drug abruptly without physician consent. If you have been taking it for several months or longer, tapering off the medication may be required.
Indications
The “2010 Lippincott’s Nursing Drug Guide” reports that escitalopram is indicated for the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder in adults. It is also indicated for the treatment and maintenance of major depressive disorder in adults and children over 12 years of age. It is often prescribed off-label for panic disorder. Escitalopram is generally considered to be an anti-depressant.
Dosage
This drug is always taken orally. An oral tablet is available in strengths of 5, 10 and 20mg. An oral solution is also available. Typical dosage for each indication is 10 to 20mg per day.
Contraindications
Escitalopram is contraindicated in patients who are allergic to any component in the drug or in citalopram. It must not be taken at the same time as pimozide, an antipsychotic. It is also contraindicated in patients taking MAO inhibitors. A period of time may need to lapse between MAO inhibitor use and escitalopram administration. This drug must be used with caution in patients who are suicidal, manic, pregnant, breastfeeding or older than 64. Caution is also required in those with liver problems, kidney problems, seizure disorder, metabolism issues or difficulty maintaining hemodynamic balance. Drugs.com explains that you should not consume alcohol while taking this medication. The herb St. John’s wort should not be taken with escitalopram.
Side Effects
Common side effects include dizziness, nausea and excessive sleepiness. Men taking escitalopram may suffer difficulty ejaculating. Less common side effects include insomnia, impotence, sinus inflammation, runny nose, respiratory symptoms, changes in appetite, tiredness, increased sweating, stomach pain, nausea, intestinal gas, diarrhea, constipation, yawning, female orgasm difficulty, lack of sexual interest, dry mouth, ringing in the ears and indigestion. Serious potential side effects include allergic shock, fainting, rigid muscles, swelling under the skin, difficulty breathing, high fever, seizure, confusion, and swelling of the face, mouth, tongue or throat.
Young people up to age 24 who are taking this or any other antidepressant are at risk of suicidal thoughts or actions. This risk is elevated during the first months of use and during any dosage increase. The patient and his family must monitor for this side effect and report it to the physician immediately.
Considerations
Be aware that it can take up to six weeks to notice the therapeutic benefits of this medication. Report side effects to your physician. Seek emergency care for serious side effects. If escitalopram makes you sleepy, avoid driving or performing other critical tasks.
About this Author
Lucy Boyd is a registered nurse who graduated summa cum laude from the University of the State of New York – Regents College with a Bachelor of Science in Nursing degree in 2000. A professional writer since 2007, Boyd is the author of two medical books. Trade magazines such as “PI Magazine” call on her to create feature articles explaining psychiatric and medical issues.
