We still struggle to reach space.
Each space mission reminds us that we cannot assume that it is easy to get into space.
This week’s mission to launch an Orbital Taurus XL rocket from Vandenberg Air Force Base carrying the NASA Orbiting Carbon Observatory (OCO) failed. This event is another example of the challenges associated with reaching space. Most people seem to take for granted that we have the ability to get into space. However, each step in a mission is loaded with dependencies that can result in mission failure.
NASA’s initial information release on Tuesday, January 24, 2009, suggests that the OCO failed to reach orbit and indicated that the fairing on the Taurus XL launch vehicle failed to separate. (http://oco.jpl.nasa.gov/).
Challenges of Reaching Earth Orbit
1. Average cost per pound to reach Earth orbit is more than $10K U.S. per pound
2. Significant stress occurs during the trip that can damage the vehicle and payload
3. The distance to reach orbit is more than 100 miles above the Earth’s surface
Private organizations deploying orbital platforms face the same challenges that NASA faces. However, NASA failures combined with the current economic struggles will likely continue to stir debate over the future of NASA and U.S. Government space programs.
Rumors are building in Washington D.C. about combining budgeting from DOD space research with the NASA budget in order to save money by reducing duplicity in government programs. However, combining budgets does not eliminate the challenges faced in reaching space or the impact of a failed mission. The OCO mission failure is a loss of nearly $300M U.S.
Private companies are stepping up to the plate to develop systems that can meet the U.S. Government’s needs as well as provide opportunities for tourism and other profit generating activities. Two companies are actively engaged in developing systems that will transport astronauts and supplies to the International Space Station (ISS) during the period of time between the decommissioning of the Space Shuttle and the implementation of the next major system.
If private companies are able to meet the space transportation needs, it can be argued that NASA should not be in the space transportation business. In recent years, NASA has been reliant on Russia’s space program to assist with transporting astronauts and supplies to and from the ISS. It is feasible that NASA may need to adopt the role of research and exploration without a dedicated lift vehicle or system if they are going to continue to provide cost effective missions in the future.
