Physical Science

All ancient, city-building civilizations were founded on agriculture. As any farmer and many of the rest of us know, agriculture relies upon the energy provided by the sun. Whether those ancient ancestors’ primary crops were wheat as grown by the…
Read more

President Obama’s vision for the future of space exploration includes a trip to Mars, which is obviously an interesting idea.  The reality is that such a trip, if it ever materializes, would happen long after the current President leaves office. …
Read more

America’s mainstay space transport, the space shuttle, will be retired later this year with no substitute ready to go online, leaving the United States without the capability to perform manned space flight. Because the United States continues to hold responsibilities…
Read more

Deep space exploration can lower humanity’s existential risk by locating habitable planets, moons, or asteroids for humans to inhabit before the Earth’s capacity to sustain a growing population reaches its limit. In the near future the NASA Shuttle program, also…
Read more

ALL ABOUT SOLAR ECLIPSES When a Solar Eclipse occurs its because the earth,moon,and sun are in alignment and it must be during a new moon. Because the rapid motion of the moon, there is a maximum of about five hour’s…
Read more

Obama’s revised plan for NASA eliminated all plans for the next trip to the moon, while preserving the future of Orion as an escape vehicle in low-Earth orbit. In a sense, this was the worst of all “ambitious” plans: most…
Read more

The Danjon Scale of Lunar Eclipse Brightness is a handy method of estimating the brightness of a particular lunar eclipse, and therefore having an easy of comparing the brightness of different lunar eclipses. It identifies five levels of brightness, ranging…
Read more

President Obama recently had his NASA press conference and has outlined some of the goals for the space program.  He is taking a lot of heat from some important people, as well as encountering people with a lot of vested…
Read more

Each year, the vernal or spring equinox is a special day around the world. In the northern hemisphere, it falls on March 20 (or March 21 in some years). In the southern hemisphere it falls on September 22 (or September…
Read more

Before the beginning of time there was darkness and silence. No visible reactions, no audible sounds, which in our time stands as the clock to our universe. If there was any physical existence, little was known on the condition of…
Read more