Physical Science

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) are oxygen containing molecules which include oxygen ions as well as peroxides. ROS are produced as a natural byproduct following normal cellular metabolism of oxygen and play a vital role in the cellular signaling mechanisms and…
Read more

Recent re-evaluations of craters on the Earth’s surface have led some scientists to the conclusion that a binary asteroid wiped out the dinosaurs. A binary asteroid is either an asteroid with a satellite orbiting it or two asteroids orbiting one…
Read more

The Andromeda Galaxy (M31/ NGC 224) is a spiral galaxy, lying in the Andromeda constellation, 2.5 million light-years from Earth. The Andromeda Galaxy is the most prominent galaxy in the local group, containing twice the number of stars of those…
Read more

The Space Shuttle Challenger is best known as a spectacular failure.  However, Challenger successfully completed nine prior missions before the tragic launch of January 28, 1986, which killed every crew member aboard just seventy three seconds after launch. Perhaps it…
Read more

NASA has recently discovered 715 new planets and four of them could support Earth-like life. This is the largest discovery of planets at once. The Kepler space telescope is what made the discovery. The Kepler space telescope makes its voyage…
Read more

A projectile is any object that, once set into motion, has no forces acting upon it other than gravity (and air resistance, though we ignore it whenever possible). A projectile will follow a parabolic path until it hits something (at…
Read more

1 meter = 3.280839895… feet. You can calculate this amount yourself, as well as other conversions between units if you know a few basic factors. 1 inch = exactly 2.54 centimeters, by definition.100 cm = 1 m, also exact, by…
Read more

There are so many stories about people who have the ability to rise into the air. Some have been said to be blessed and others were possessed. Levitation is a phenomenon of psychokinesis (PK) in which objects, people, and animals…
Read more

Electronics has certain basic components that can be found in almost all circuits. The Resistor, the Capacitor, and the inductor are the most common components found in most simple circuits. We will be focusing on the resistor and its equations…
Read more

The history fission and fusion is rather short and very convoluted, so a brief description of the two processes is a good place to start. Simply put, “fission” is a nuclear process in which an atom is split (or decays)…
Read more