Physical Science

The Drake Equation, also known as the Green Bank Equation after the 1961 conference where it was first presented, is a formula created by American physicist Frank Drake to estimate the number of intelligent alien civilizations which exist in the…
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Cosmic rays are extremely high-energy, high-velocity particles which bombard Earth on a regular basis. Most of those which reach Earth actually originate outside of the solar system, and new research published in 2013 has finally proven that the main source…
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Cosmic rays are very high energetic particles of which 99% are made of the nuclei of atoms. Cosmic rays originate outside of the solar system and when reaching the Earth’s atmosphere produce an array of secondary particles that strike the…
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Fluorine is the ninth element in the periodic table. It is the most reactive and electronegative of all elements. The lightest of all the halogens, fluorine has a light yellow color, is corrosive and flammable. It is composed of diatomic…
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It is Bernoulli’s principle of lift that keeps airplanes in the air. Briefly stated, the principle is that the faster a fluid travels, the more the pressure that it exerts decreases. This is a principle with many applications outside of…
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Hydrocarbons are a group of organic compounds which contain carbon and hydrogen in its molecular structure.  Carbon is a unique atom due to its ability to form polymers from its compounds.  Only silicon mimics carbon in this trend of polymer…
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A biography: Nikola Tesla Nikola Tesla was born to Milutin Tesla, a Serbian Orthodox Priest, and Djuka Mandic at midnight on July 10, 1856, in Smiljan, a village in the province of Lika, Croatia. Tesla completed his elementary education in…
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Is God a Mathematician by Mario Livio, © 2009, First Simon and Schuster hardcover edition January 2009. “Is God a Mathematician?” by Mario Livio has an enticing title.  It appeals to persons of a religious nature, those interested in the concept…
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Since its discovery in 1910, propane has become an important source of fuel in the United States.  Because it becomes a liquid when pressurized, propane is more portable and easily stored than many other fuels. When released from pressure it…
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It is a bit awkward to announce a telescope array that will cover an entire square kilometer, then to split it into segments that will operate in three nations. No matter how they are split up, the resulting set of…
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