Physical Science

The photoelectric effect refers to the emission of electrons when electromagnetic radiation is incident on a metal surface. In an electric circuit consisting of a photocell, when electromagnetic radiation, such as ultraviolet rays is incident on a photocell, an electric…
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Before Niels Bohr: in the classic physics, the world is described by a few equations that govern a set of continuous quantities or fields. It assumed that there is a smaller portion of anything, but maybe out of our measurement…
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“Universe, Big Bang, Black Holes, and Stephen Hawking’s A Briefer History of Time (Bantam Dell, October 2005), A Dialogue” Betty: We are not scientists, can not answer hard science questions, and time is too short for this big topic. Why,…
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Lithium (Li) is an alkali metal discovered in 1817 by Johann Arfvedson, given the atomic number 3. Its name comes from “lithos,” the Greek word for “stone,” because it was first discovered in a mineral source rather than a plant source. Like…
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Simple machines help us in everyday tasks such as opening a door, getting to school, or even washing your clothes. A simple machine is a device that either multiplies or redirects force. There lies a difference between simple and compound…
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RECAP From “The Big Bang Theory” by Steve Holder, posted here on Helium: “According to the Big Bang Theory, the universe used to be extremely small, unbelievably hot, and incredibly dense. Everything that existed was condensed into a compact space….
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The belief that absolute zero was inviolable has been accepted by physicists for well over a century. Not only physics, but the model of the universe has been partially based on the foundation that nothing could exceed the incredible coldness…
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Black Holes ala Motion in a Matrix The Motion in a Matrix model* for the universe has a very simple explanation for “Black Holes.” In the model, mass and energy can be considered as two manifestations of the degree of…
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Stars have fascinated humans since the earliest people looked up at the sky and wondered about its twinkling points of light. Today, thanks to sophisticated observations, scientists on Earth know more about the phases in the creation of a star…
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In the last several years, famous retired Cambridge physicist Stephen Hawking has made headlines several times for advancing claims which seem bold, even if they are largely restating conclusions long held by a large number of his professional colleagues. He…
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