Physical Science

The first law of thermodynamics states that, in a closed system, energy can be neither created nor destroyed: it can merely change its form. However, the implications are somewhat different for open systems. Energy still cannot be created or destroyed,…
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Nano Assembly is a sub topic of Nano technology, the study and fabrication of structures 1-100 nanometers in size. For billions of years nature has constructed many different nano structures from nano assemblers. Ribosome’s, for instance, are nano machine tools….
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Cooper Pairs were first described by an American physicist Leon Cooper in 1956. Cooper pairs are described as two electrons that are bound by a phonon at subzero temperatures. They are responsible for a phenomenon known as superconductivity. Cooper pairs…
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Time travel is possible. The speed of light is as fast as is possible. The speed of light has been calculated to be 186,282 miles per second, or, in meters 300,000,000 meters per second. Devising a method of going faster…
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The vernal equinox occurs in the Northern Hemisphere when the center of the Sun crosses the celestial equator. This occurs around March the 21st of every year. The word equinox comes from the Latin word aequus, which means equal and…
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The element carbon is one of the most versatile elements. Life as we know it would not exist without all its organic compounds. The existence of carbon in the forms of graphite and diamond is well known and, in 1985,…
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Not only the greatest mathematician of the late 17th early 18th century, but arguably one of the greatest mathematicians of all time. With extensive work on the foundations of calculus, the discovery and application of universal gravitation and what i…
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Sadly, string theory [or more properly superstring theory] is neither currently experimentally testable nor in a state of development where we can foresee it being so in future. When I was in graduate school, prospective doctoral students in the department…
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Energy. What is energy? In Webster’s Unabridged Dictionary energy is defined as ‘the capacity for vigorous activity’. The law of conservation of energy states that energy can never be created or destroyed, it can only be transformed. Energy can be…
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Postulating time travel is an example of theoretical physics running amok. Let’s look at some very basic requirements for such a feat to be possible. First, all time would have to exist simultaneously, somewhere in space. For example, out there…
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