Medical Science

The physiological meaning of excretion is to expel waste from the body, to isolate and discharge waste matter generated during metabolism. This is achieved by the body’s ability to rid itself of excess fluid by urination and by defecation, eliminating…
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Edema is an accumulation of fluid in the body cavities and the skin such as the pleural cavity of the lungs in which it is called hydrothorax and pleural effusion.  Also fluid can accumulate in the peritoneal cavity causing a condition which…
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If you’re lying on the couch watching television, do you still burn calories? The answer, of course, is yes. Even when you are not physically active, various systems in your body are still functioning to keep you alive. The most…
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In the movie The Wizard of Oz there is a character known as the Scarecrow who sings a song titled, If I Only Had a Brain. The beginning lyrics are: “I could while away the hours, conferring with the flowers,…
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The heart is the propulsive organ which is present in all animals that have a circulatory system which maintains the circulation of the blood by means of rhythmical contractions. The organ is a fixture amongst all vertebrates and it is…
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Some of the functions of the human body are enigmas wrapped in conundrums. For example, what causes that mind-numbing pain of brain freeze when you eat ice cream too fast? What causes hiccups? Why do we yawn, especially if we…
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In this article, I will discuss the normal physiology of the parathyroid gland, in addition to two disorders that often affect this gland.  These are hyperparathyroidism and hypoparathyroidosim.  The first disorder refers to excessive secretion of the parathyroid hormone to the circulation by…
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The colon is the last part of the digestive system, and together with the cecum and rectum makes up the large intestine. Although it is a part of the digestive system, the colon does not actually carry out any digestive…
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When having a discussion concerning anatomy the phrase form determines function comes to mind. What this entails is that the structure of the organ determines strongly what that organ does. The stomach is a muscular sac that provides a conducive…
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The testes in humans are two round shape structures that are located within the scrotum.  The scrotum provides protection for the testes against trauma.  In addition, due to its presence outside the pelvic cavity, the testes are maintained within the…
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