Earth Science

The dangerous supervolcano that once destroyed much of what’s now the USA is much bigger than vulcanologists previously thought. That’s the disturbing information confirmed by an important new study published in the prestigious journal of Geophysical Research Letters. The volcano…
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Concern has been mounting for almost a decade as scientists hunched over their instruments and double-checked new data concerning the status of the Earth’s crucial magnetic field. The magnetic field protects all life from damaging solar radiation. Exposure to such…
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Salmon is a food that everyone wants on their dinner table, but there are problems with the industry as it now stands. At one time wild salmon and the industries supplying this healthy fish flourished in the salmons’ spawning grounds…
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When one hears the term “supervolcanoes” there are a variety of mental pictures that might enter the brain. One could be straight out of the Sci-Fi channel, complete with a molten head and lava limbs. Maybe it’s a scene from…
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Global warming is widely understood by scientists, and to a lesser extent by non-scientists, as posing serious risks for future humanity.  As humans are land dwellers, it is perhaps understandable that more alarm has been generated by the projected negative…
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Rocks remember. This is a favorite maxim of geologists and planetary scientists. Essentially this means that the composition of a rock yields important clues about its origin. In geologic terms, a rock is an aggregate of one or more minerals….
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Sandstorms happen in arid or semi-arid desert climates.  Such areas include; the Sahara, the Arabian, Syrian and Kalahari Deserts, large parts of Iran, northwest India, the southwestern United States, Northern Mexico, and much of Australia.  Your chances of surviving a…
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What is sand? A generally excepted definition is that sand is composed of rock and mineral particles in the size range 0.6 to 2 mm. Below 0.6 mm size the material is called silt and above 2 mm size it…
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Rising sea levels are a reality. The rate of rise over the past twenty years is double what it was during the preceding eighty years. This will impact coastal cities, and small islands will be at risk of completely vanishing…
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North America has a large salt production. Most productive mines have waterways nearby to aid in transporting it. However, the main salt mines are in New York, Kansas, and Michigan. Additional zones occur in the southern United States from Alabama…
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