Earth Science

Planet Earth is the most amazing place in the universe. It is the only planet that we know of upon which all manner of life has evolved to colonise every conceivable corner, on land, in the sea and even in…
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Limestone is a calcium-based rock that has many uses in daily life. As a construction stone, it may decorate the facade of the office building or school that you are sitting in right now, and form the retaining wall around…
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All rocks are aggregates of minerals, and are classified as either of igneous, sedimentary or metamorphic origin. Sedimentary rocks are formed when minerals are deposited and then accumulate to form the rock. The type and characteristic of each sedimentary rock…
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The earth’s surface is not one undifferentiated whole but is composed of a number of separate pieces called plates each of which is in constant motion relative to the others; and it is this constant movement that results in the…
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Some of the most beautiful places in the world owe their existence to volcanoes. The lush greenery of Hawaii, for instance, thrives in soil that formed in fire, as the incandescent glow from Kilauea’s ongoing eruption reminds us. Eruptions that…
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The geology of the earth can be a fascinating subject for people to study. Formed from the remains of other eroded rocks, sedimentary rocks have been studied ever since geology began. Only about 5% of the earth’s lithosphere is sedimentary but…
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Until quite recently, humans burned wood, animal dung, or coal for fuel. These heat sources were used to cook, forge iron, and a myriad of other things. In a 21st Century paradigm we have learned so much more about global…
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Scientists have been aware for some time that the earth’s magnetic poles shift. Most people do not realize that the magnetic poles are not the same as the geographic poles. While geographic poles are the two points where Earth’s imaginary…
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The Richter Scale for measuring the magnitude of earthquakes was developed by Dr. Charles F. Richter in 1934. Dr Richter was working at the California Institute of Technology studying the waves produced by earthquakes using an instrument called a seismograph….
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What will the world do when we run out of oil? Very good question, and I don’t think anyone really has an answer for that. All that we know so far is that the day of reckoning is close at…
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