A wildfire suppression hand line is any fireline which is built with hand tools, such as chainsaws and shovels. The purpose of a fireline is to keep a wildfire from spreading by removing all ignitable material in a wide strip…
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The Sunda Trench is part of the Pacific “Ring of Fire” of earthquake activity. Located in the Indian Ocean, the Sunda Trench has successfully given researchers some clues to earthquake predictions and may be able to help predict the next…
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According to estimates, around 600 million people worldwide live in coastal areas that are less than 10 meters above the sea level, while around two-thirds of the world cities that have a population of more than 5 million each are…
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The theory of plate tectonics and continental drift was first put forward by Alfred Wegner in 1912. Previous to this there had been various paradigms, such as the idea that the earth was flat and the belief that earthquakes and…
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What actually is sea level? Sea level or ‘mean sea level’ as it is known, is the average height of the ocean’s surface between high and low tide. Changes in tides and wave conditions over time are averaged out to…
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The sky is blue due to Rayleigh scattering, which is the dispersion of light by particles much smaller than the wavelength of visible light. The sun’s light is composed of all the colors of the visible spectrum. The gas molecules…
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Everyone is familiar with the classic science fair experiment of a paper-mache volcanoe. However, seldom do people truly reflect and attempmt to understand what phenomenon is responsible for the real thing. How are volcanoes formed? How and why do they…
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Pumice and cinder are both volcanic rock. They form in a similar way and they look a lot alike. However, they are quite different in a number of ways, as well. Pumice Pumice is a rock with a high content…
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The ring of fire is a region in the Pacific Ocean of major volcanic and seismic activity. Approximately 90 percent of all the earthquakes occurring in the world have their origin in the Pacific ring of fire. The ring of fire…
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Lurking under the Pacific Ocean are giant pieces of Earth’s crust moving in directions that are the opposite of each other. These enormous, continent-carrying plates of earth meet in two ways: They squeeze by each other side to side, or…
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