Earth Science

Manhattan can seem like one of the most manufactured environments in the world. Yet its bones are often visible. In Central Park, many huge rocks stand out from the groomed landscape, some bearing the deep scoring of glacial striation, some…
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Most coral reefs are located in tropical shallow waters less than 50 meters deep, in the western regions of the Indian ocean, Pacific Ocean and Greater Caribbean. Corals thrive best in tropical waters where temperatures range from 23 to 29…
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“What difference will it make if a few people turn off the water when brushing their teeth?” you say. “How could that save the planet and affect the availability of drinking water throughout the world?” Well, if everyone had that…
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For centuries, people have drawn a connection between the orbit of the moon and ocean tides. As the moon completes its monthly orbit around the Earth, it rises about 50 minutes later each day. Not coincidentally, the times of high…
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Biomes are considered one of the major habitats in the world and terrestrial biomes refers to those habitats established mainly on landmasses such as continents or islands. The term ‘temperate’ is used to designate a region falling between 23.5 degrees…
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Lake and pond are terms that have no strictly defined separation. There is no universal guideline that delineates when a pond becomes a lake. There are some generally held ideas about how they differ, but it is important to realize…
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Blue diamonds are certainly the stuff of myth and legend. It would be hard to argue against the fact that the Hope Diamond is the most famous diamond of any category in the world. With a carat weight of 45.52…
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There are four basic types of volcanoes. While there are several that occur in specific locations, like subglacial (under the ice caps) or submarine (on the ocean floor), or size, like super volcanoes, the four basic types that occur are…
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It is one of the rarest and most highly valued naturally occurring gem stones found on Earth, but its allure extends far beyond either its rarity or capital worth. There color, ranging from a deep iridescent blue to a foggy…
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Coral is an essential element of the oceanic living system of planet Earth. It serves as the base of the pyramid of life in shallow salt water of the tropics, by virtue of the ability of the coral organism to…
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