Earth Science

Oceans become salty when the rivers and their tributaries and streams that flow off mountains and out of all higher to lower places pick up biological materials and small rocks and dump these into the ocean. Their salinity then develops from…
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You may take your running dishwasher, or toilet, or showers for granted, but on World Water Day (WWD) you should take a moment to appreciate the fact that you have fresh running water at all. During June 3 – 14,…
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In this “climate” of the global warming phenomena, shrinking lakes appear to be proof that global warming disrupts and negatively impacts water ecosystems. But the full story involves Mother Nature’s cycles of balance and change counterbalanced by many intrusive, human…
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Both my wife Tala and I joined with the local Nature Club to a trek to the nearest pond near our community where we learned of pond life. There the guide of our group told us that a small, still…
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Camping and enjoying the outdoors can be a great experience. While you are in the wilderness however, you have to be very careful about drinking water straight from natural sources. In and outside the United States almost all natural streams…
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The National Science Foundation (NSF, based in Arlington, Virginia) was created by Congress in 1950.  It’s an independent federal agency, with the stated goal “to promote the progress of science; to advance the national health, prosperity, and welfare; [and] to secure…
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The Hsi river is part of a system of rivers in Southern China. The Chinese name for the river is Xi Jiang which is often spelled Hsi Chiang. In the western tongue, this means West River. The river is also…
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Coral reefs has always been a popular destination with tourists due to their unique and colorful attributes, but there are a number of strange facts about coral reefs that remain unknown to the masses. Unless an individual is either a…
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Plastic is now an ingredient in your dinner. It is made of toxic chemicals which do not biodegrade even when they are broken into single molecules. Why would you put it in food? Nurdles When plastic manufacturing plants make virgin…
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There are three million farm ponds in the United States. They are mainly constucted for cattle watering, irrigation, or erosion control. Some ponds are created by beavers and floods. Some ponds are created by bulldozing or blasting a basin.  Most…
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